{"id":69,"date":"2021-10-13T04:25:06","date_gmt":"2021-10-13T04:25:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/?p=69"},"modified":"2021-10-13T05:09:51","modified_gmt":"2021-10-13T05:09:51","slug":"que-son-los-qr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 son los QR?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Seguramente en tu d\u00eda a d\u00eda has visto en sitios web, en redes sociales o en apps un c\u00f3digo QR, esos peque\u00f1os cuadros que parecen vacas pixeladas cuya promesa es llevarte a sitios o brindarte informaci\u00f3n, pero, \u00bfte has preguntado como es que funcionan?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/images.unsplash.com\/photo-1550482781-48d477e61c72?ixlib=rb-1.2.1&amp;ixid=MnwxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=crop&amp;w=1170&amp;q=80\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Antes de responder esa pregunta necesitamos algo de contexto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Origen<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Fueron creados por Denso Wave,  una empresa de tecnolog\u00eda japonesa que en adem\u00e1s vende robots, esc\u00e1neres, soluciones RFID, soluciones IoT, entre otras cosas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podemos decir que son c\u00f3digos de barras bidimensionales, ya que a diferencia de los c\u00f3digos de barras convenciones, los QR tienen altura y anchura.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Los QR pueden ser le\u00eddos por esc\u00e1neres e incluso smartphones con el software correcto, adem\u00e1s son resistentes a la perdida de informaci\u00f3n, lo cual permite que incluso si una parte se tapa o se rompe el QR a\u00fan ser\u00e1 legible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Una gran ventaja de esta t\u00e9cnica es que podemos representar mucha m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n que un c\u00f3digo de barras. A continuaci\u00f3n se listan las cantidades de caracteres que un QR puede mostrar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Num\u00e9rica: M\u00e1ximo 7,089<\/li><li>Alfanum\u00e9rica: M\u00e1ximo 4,296<\/li><li>Binario (8-bit): 2,953<\/li><li>Kanji: 1,817  <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Otra ventaja de ser un est\u00e1ndar de origen japones es que soporta el uso de kanji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/unam.mobile_nametag-1024x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-73\" width=\"201\" height=\"201\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/unam.mobile_nametag-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/unam.mobile_nametag-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/unam.mobile_nametag-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/unam.mobile_nametag-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/unam.mobile_nametag.png 1275w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 201px) 100vw, 201px\" \/><figcaption>Los QR pueden ser de colores, no solo blanco y negro<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pero&#8230; \u00bfC\u00f3mo hago uno?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Seguramente has llegado a esta entrada de blog por nuestro video de tiktok (de no ser as\u00ed, te lo dejo ac\u00e1). En nuestro video mostramos como generar uno haciendo uso de la API <a href=\"https:\/\/developers.google.com\/chart\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Google Charts<\/a>, espec\u00edficamente <a href=\"https:\/\/developers.google.com\/chart\/infographics\/docs\/qr_codes?hl=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">la secci\u00f3n de c\u00f3digo QR<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Explicaremos el ejemplo del video: chart.googleapis.com\/chart?cht=qr&amp;chs=150&#215;150&amp;chl=https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>https:\/\/chart.googleapis.com\/chart?<em> <\/em><\/strong>\u21fe Es la URL ra\u00edz, con ella hacemos la llamada a la API <\/li><li><strong>cht=qr<\/strong> \u21fe Indica que queremos generar un c\u00f3digo QR (con la API podemos hacer m\u00e1s que QR \ud83d\udc40)<\/li><li><strong>chs=&lt;width&gt;x&lt;height&gt;<\/strong> \u21fe El tama\u00f1o de la imagen en pixeles en alto y ancho (Ojo, solo es de la imagen, no del QR en s\u00ed, como los QR deben ser cuadrados por definici\u00f3n, si especificas un ancho diferente al alto solo obtendr\u00e1s un rect\u00e1ngulo blanco con un QR al centro)<\/li><li><strong>chl=&lt;<em>data<\/em>&gt;<\/strong> \u21fe la informaci\u00f3n a codificar. Aqu\u00ed podemos insertar n\u00fameros, URL, cadenas de texto, etc. Algo importante a destacar es que al ser un par\u00e1metro de una URL, la informaci\u00f3n debe ser adecuado para una URL (por ejemplo, los espacios deben ser representados por &#8220;%20&#8221;), adem\u00e1s considera que las URL no pueden tener m\u00e1s de 2000 caracteres, si necesitas introducir m\u00e1s debes enviar tu informaci\u00f3n usando un POST (una solicitud HTTP que en entradas futuras vamos a abordar).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/chart.googleapis.com\/chart?cht=qr&amp;chs=29x29&amp;chl=1\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption>Esta es la imagen m\u00e1s peque\u00f1a que he podido generar, de 29&#215;29 pixeles. Un tama\u00f1o menor a eso devuelve \u00fanicamente una imagen en blanco.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Usos<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>En la industria son usados para operaciones log\u00edsticas, principalmente para catalogar inventarios, rastreo de bienes en env\u00edos, validaci\u00f3n de boletos, prescripciones m\u00e9dicas, etc.<br>Un uso interesante y m\u00e1s cotidiano es poder mostrar hiperv\u00ednculos en lugares f\u00edsicos, as\u00ed tenemos la comodidad de acceder a sitios web \u00fanicamente escaneando una imagen sin tener que escribir largas URL.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Es necesario se\u00f1alar que un QR al igual que una URL sospechosa puede ser usado de formas maliciosas, as\u00ed que recomendamos no escanear cualquier QR que veas en sitios p\u00fablicos, pues puedes sufrir un ataque de phishing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Referencias<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>https:\/\/www.qrcode.com\/en\/about\/standards.html<\/li><li>https:\/\/developers.google.com\/chart\/infographics\/docs\/qr_codes<\/li><li>https:\/\/www.denso-wave.com\/en\/system\/qr\/<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Seguramente en tu d\u00eda a d\u00eda has visto en sitios web, en redes sociales o en apps un c\u00f3digo QR, esos peque\u00f1os cuadros que parecen vacas pixeladas cuya promesa es llevarte a sitios o brindarte informaci\u00f3n, pero, \u00bfte has preguntado como es que funcionan? Antes de responder esa pregunta necesitamos algo de contexto. Origen Fueron&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/\">Seguir leyendo <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 son los QR?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-69","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","entry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00bfQu\u00e9 son los QR? - Blog UNAM Mobile \ud83d\ude80<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 son los QR? - Blog UNAM Mobile \ud83d\ude80\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Seguramente en tu d\u00eda a d\u00eda has visto en sitios web, en redes sociales o en apps un c\u00f3digo QR, esos peque\u00f1os cuadros que parecen vacas pixeladas cuya promesa es llevarte a sitios o brindarte informaci\u00f3n, pero, \u00bfte has preguntado como es que funcionan? Antes de responder esa pregunta necesitamos algo de contexto. Origen Fueron&hellip; Seguir leyendo \u00bfQu\u00e9 son los QR?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog UNAM Mobile \ud83d\ude80\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-10-13T04:25:06+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-10-13T05:09:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/images.unsplash.com\/photo-1550482781-48d477e61c72?ixlib=rb-1.2.1&#038;ixid=MnwxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8&#038;auto=format&#038;fit=crop&#038;w=1170&#038;q=80\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ricardo Juarez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"Blog UNAM Mobile \\ud83d\\ude80\",\"description\":\"Ent\\u00e9rate de lo que pasa en el laboratorio \\ud83d\\udc40\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/images.unsplash.com\/photo-1550482781-48d477e61c72?ixlib=rb-1.2.1&amp;ixid=MnwxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=crop&amp;w=1170&amp;q=80\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/images.unsplash.com\/photo-1550482781-48d477e61c72?ixlib=rb-1.2.1&amp;ixid=MnwxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=crop&amp;w=1170&amp;q=80\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/\",\"name\":\"\\u00bfQu\\u00e9 son los QR? - Blog UNAM Mobile \\ud83d\\ude80\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/#primaryimage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2021-10-13T04:25:06+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-10-13T05:09:51+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/53652b72bef6d6ba7b1278e304dbcb25\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Inicio\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\\u00bfQu\\u00e9 son los QR?\"}]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/53652b72bef6d6ba7b1278e304dbcb25\",\"name\":\"Ricardo Juarez\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/#personlogo\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/897adb01eebb075019dafa5b2c670f4760d1ab1cae2022620f081a26780e372d?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/897adb01eebb075019dafa5b2c670f4760d1ab1cae2022620f081a26780e372d?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Ricardo Juarez\"},\"description\":\"Desarrollador full stack del laboratorio UNAM Mobile.\",\"sameAs\":[\"http:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/author\/rich-js\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 son los QR? - Blog UNAM Mobile \ud83d\ude80","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/","og_locale":"es_MX","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 son los QR? - Blog UNAM Mobile \ud83d\ude80","og_description":"Seguramente en tu d\u00eda a d\u00eda has visto en sitios web, en redes sociales o en apps un c\u00f3digo QR, esos peque\u00f1os cuadros que parecen vacas pixeladas cuya promesa es llevarte a sitios o brindarte informaci\u00f3n, pero, \u00bfte has preguntado como es que funcionan? Antes de responder esa pregunta necesitamos algo de contexto. Origen Fueron&hellip; Seguir leyendo \u00bfQu\u00e9 son los QR?","og_url":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/","og_site_name":"Blog UNAM Mobile \ud83d\ude80","article_published_time":"2021-10-13T04:25:06+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-10-13T05:09:51+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/images.unsplash.com\/photo-1550482781-48d477e61c72?ixlib=rb-1.2.1&amp;ixid=MnwxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=crop&amp;w=1170&amp;q=80"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Escrito por":"Ricardo Juarez","Tiempo de lectura":"3 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/","name":"Blog UNAM Mobile \ud83d\ude80","description":"Ent\u00e9rate de lo que pasa en el laboratorio \ud83d\udc40","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/#primaryimage","inLanguage":"es","url":"https:\/\/images.unsplash.com\/photo-1550482781-48d477e61c72?ixlib=rb-1.2.1&amp;ixid=MnwxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=crop&amp;w=1170&amp;q=80","contentUrl":"https:\/\/images.unsplash.com\/photo-1550482781-48d477e61c72?ixlib=rb-1.2.1&amp;ixid=MnwxMjA3fDB8MHxwaG90by1wYWdlfHx8fGVufDB8fHx8&amp;auto=format&amp;fit=crop&amp;w=1170&amp;q=80"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/#webpage","url":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/","name":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 son los QR? - Blog UNAM Mobile \ud83d\ude80","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/#primaryimage"},"datePublished":"2021-10-13T04:25:06+00:00","dateModified":"2021-10-13T05:09:51+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/53652b72bef6d6ba7b1278e304dbcb25"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/2021\/10\/13\/que-son-los-qr\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Inicio","item":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 son los QR?"}]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/53652b72bef6d6ba7b1278e304dbcb25","name":"Ricardo Juarez","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/#personlogo","inLanguage":"es","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/897adb01eebb075019dafa5b2c670f4760d1ab1cae2022620f081a26780e372d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/897adb01eebb075019dafa5b2c670f4760d1ab1cae2022620f081a26780e372d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ricardo Juarez"},"description":"Desarrollador full stack del laboratorio UNAM Mobile.","sameAs":["http:\/\/mobile.unam.mx"],"url":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/author\/rich-js\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=69"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":80,"href":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69\/revisions\/80"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=69"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=69"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mobile.unam.mx\/blog\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=69"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}